14 results
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Impaired forward flow ... nephropathy • Secondary ... #causes #Acute ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... require urgent nephrology ... common culprits: Hypovolemia ... , Low effective ... isotonic fluids (NS
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... R - Primary aldosteronism ... High Al, High R - Secondary ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Malignancy True hypovolemia ... diuretics) With edema ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... suppression • Primary ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Malignancy True hypovolemia ... diuretics) With edema ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... suppression • Primary ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... thiazide-like diuretics), Primary ... hyperaldosteronism, Secondary ... Hypomagnesemia, Acute ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... water intake (Primary ... table #sodium #nephrology
Eczematous Skin Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Eczematous - Pruritic/Scaly/Erythematous lesions. Usually poorly demarcated
 • Atopic Dermatitis
and vesicles (acute ... Secondary to venous ... pigmentation, edema ... Very low concentrations ... #causes
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
states such as acute ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... shift • Saline Causes ... AKI: - Tubuloglomerular ... • Saline May Cause
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
, RTA Type IV, AI ... only if no clear cause ... acidosis) • Low ... caution in HTN & edema ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology