58 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... hemoglobinuria (PNH ... idiopathic) - Autoimmune ... Extravascular #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Hemolytic Anemia ... Warm Autoimmune ... Spherocytes • Treatment ... • Treatment: Warm ... #hematology #diagnosis
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Cold Agglutinin Disease ... MatthewHoMD #Autoimmune ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... #AIHA #Treatment ... #management #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Cold AIHA • Alloimmune ... • PCH • PNH ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hematology
Expected DAT Results in Autoimmune Hemolysis
DAT Negative Hemolysis
 • DAT Poly ( - ), IgG (
DAT Results in Autoimmune ... Hemolysis DAT ... Cold agglutinin disease ... antiglobulin #test #DAT #Autoimmune ... #Hemolysis #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... platelet decrease - PNH ... , Hemoglobin H disease ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis
Hypochromia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Schistocytes: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS)
Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Sickled red
Microangiopathic hemolytic ... Microspherocytes: Autoimmune ... hemolytic anemia ... cells: Sickle cell disease ... Smear #Analysis #hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
-100): • Non-hemolytic ... PK, HbC, HbSS, PNH ... - Extrinsic: Autoimmune ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Membrane): - Autoimmune ... , Drugs, Liver Disease ... , PNH 3) Internal ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology