13 results
diagnosis management differential anemia mds myelodysplastic aplastic apml arterial bariatric bypass cirrhosis coagulation complications dic differentiation disseminated dyspnea embolism emergencies
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes Intravascular Hemolysis: • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Causes Intravascular ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... hemoglobinuria (PNH ... #diagnosis #hematology
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea: • Myocardium: - Heart failure - CAD/ACS - Valvulopathy • Electrical: -
Cardiovascular Causes ... - Water - Pus ... Vasculitis - Hepatopulmonary ... syndrome Other ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... only curative treatment ... Myelodysplastic #Syndrome ... #hematology #oncology
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors Findings: • Bleeding • Recent history
Disseminated Intravascular ... + Bleeding Treatment ... Treat primary cause ... #treatment #management ... #hematology
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework VENOUS THROMBOSIS • Acquired Risk Factors: - >48 hours
• Nephrotic Syndrome ... - Disseminated intravascular ... coagulation and other causes ... - COVID-19 - PNH ... pathophysiology #hematology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML Epidemiology: • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study) • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... Triggers: ATRA treatment ... myalgias, HoTN, edema ... diagnosis #management #hematology ... #oncology
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome - Diagnosis ... lung disease Caused ... #syndrome #diagnosis ... #hepatology
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies Neutropenic fever: - Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
Summary of Oncologic ... ): - Hematologic ... (disseminated intravascular ... Treat underlying cause ... ) - Symptoms: CNS
Aplastic Anemia - Overview Who? • M = F • 3 peaks: 1) Childhood 2) 15-25 years 3) >60 years What? • Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... and petechiae Causes ... aplastic anemia Treatment ... Aplastic #Anemia #oncology ... #hematology #diagnosis
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
-> AML: Blast crises ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
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