55 results
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Water - Pus ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Barre - ALS - Transverse ... myelitis • Hematology ... : - Anemia
Nail Disorders secondary to Systemic Diseases
Nail Fold Abnormality
 • SLE
 • Scleroderma
 • Dermatomyositis
Koilonychia - Spoon-shaped
Iron deficiency anemia ... Muehrcke's Lines - Transverse ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... Myelodysplastic #Syndrome ... #hematology #oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Illness Script
Signs and symptoms:
 • Recurrent infections from neutropenia
 • Mucosal bleeding from
Illness Script Signs ... Diagnosis: • Pancytopenia ... • Associated PNH ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... → Systematic screening ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #rheumatology
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Demyelinating syndromes ... ) Blood (75%): Anemia ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis ... #rheumatology
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
Amyloidosis (CVS+PNS ... (-) hemolytic anemia ... Paraproteinemias #Hematology ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Oncology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Many others • Transverse ... pain • Extra-CNS ... autoimmune disorders (Systemic ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... neurology #symptoms #signs
Pruritus - Generalized Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Systemic and Primary Causes
== Primary Skin Lesions ==
Macules /
Generalized Differential Diagnosis ... and Primary Causes ... renal failure/uremia ... Myelodisplastic syndrome ... #Algorithm #causes
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... Extravascular Causes ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... hemoglobinuria (PNH ... #hematology #anemia