29 results
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Overall Approach to Anemia ... Normochromic RBCs on Smear ... • Anemia of Chronic ... Spherocytes on Smear ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... Algorithm Signs of anemia ... Abnormal peripheral smear ... • Extrinsic RBC ... • Intrinsic RBC
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ... DIAGNOSE AIHA • Anemia ... ↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... C3d • Blood smear ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood Smear.
Key features suggesting Plasmodium falciparum:
- extreme parasitemia
- normocytic RBCs (vivax, ovale prefer big
Falciparum Blood Smear ... multiples per RBC ... P. falciparum causes ... human malaria cases ... rare in blood smears
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Normal Blood Smear ... Neutrophils - Low RBC ... • Pernicious Anemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Spherocytes, RBC ... Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemias ... #Normocytic #Anemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
of macrocytic anemia ... (RBC = red blood ... ordering a peripheral smear ... the most likely cause ... recovery also causes
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... == Decreased RBC ... Hypertriglyceridemia • Uremia ... Glucose Content • RBC ... • Hemolytic anemia
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... Peripheral blood smear ... → Sickle Cell anemia ... Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Anemia with Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Heme Synthesis or
Causes of Anemia ... Deficiency (Eg Causes ... TlBC > 18% • Anemia ... #Microcytic #Anemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes