239 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Normal PTH: • Hyperparathyroidism ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... calcitriol induced hypercalcemia ... @aishaikh #Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–dependent ... Primary hyperparathyroidism ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Jansen disease #Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... structure-related • Primary hyperparathyroidism ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... disease • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism ... Milk-alkali syndrome #Hypercalcemia
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
dysrhythmias Hypokalemia ... metabolism • Hypocalcemia ... • Hypoparathyroidism ... • Parathyroid
Differential Diagnosis of Hypo and Hypercalcemia #Diagnosis #EM #IM #Differential #Calcium #Hypocalcemia #Hypercalemia #Ddxof
Diagnosis of Hypo and Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Calcium #Hypocalcemia ... #Hypercalemia #
Hypercalcemia Evaluation Algorithm 

(PTH = parathyroid hormone; PTHrp: parathyroid hormone–related peptide.)

#Hypercalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... Algorithm (PTH = parathyroid ... hormone; PTHrp: parathyroid ... #Hypercalcemia #
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
Hypocalcemia Laboratory ... disorders causing hypocalcemia ... : - Hypoparathyroidism ... activating mutation - Parathyroid ... Laboratory #Levels #Hyperparathyroidism
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... resorption: • Primary hyperparathyroidism ... Immobilization Hypercalcemia ... intoxication #Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Algorithm Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... • Hypercalcemia ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... Paget's Disease #Hypercalcemia
Electrolyte imbalances are common findings in many diseases. The kidney is a principally responsible organ for
aldosterone, and parathyroid ... #Hyponatremia #hypokalemia ... #hypocalcemia ... hypernatremia #hyperkalemia ... #hypercalcemia