13 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Heart failure, Cirrhosis ... , Nephrotic syndrome ... , Medications (diuretics ... HyponatremiaAlgorithm by Satya Patel ... #sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... volume loss - diuretics ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... , Cirrhosis, Cardiac ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... especially thiazide diuretics ... heart failure • Cirrhosis ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... especially thiazide diuretics ... heart failure • Cirrhosis ... #Nephrology #Differential
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... irrigation • Management ... • Hyponatremia ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Diuresis in Critical Care - Achieving a Negative Fluid Balance
Advantages Of A Negative Fluid Balance:
 •
, & to correct hyponatremia ... ) to normalize Potassium ... aldosterone states (CHF, Cirrhosis ... Early nephrologv ... Fluid #Balance #management
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Heart failure, Cirrhosis ... , Nephrotic syndrome ... failure Satya Patel ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Heart failure, Cirrhosis ... , Nephrotic syndrome ... table #sodium #nephrology