39 results
Summary of dosing recommendations in renal impairment of commonly used hypoglycaemic agents

#Diabetes #Diabetic #Medications #Pharmacology #Dosing
recommendations in renal ... hypoglycaemic agents #Diabetes ... #Diabetic #Medications ... #Pharmacology # ... Dosing #Dosing #Renal
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
algorithm Decreased renal ... potassium excretion ... • Acute renal ... • Drugs • Diabetic ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
Drugs that Impair Renal ... Potassium Excretion ... Aldosterone Release: ACE ... Pathophysiology #Pharmacology ... #Renal
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... nephron #diuretics #pharmacology ... #nephrology #medications
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... Renal Losses ... Non-renal losses ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Medications 2. ... #high #nephrology
#diabetes #T2DM #antidiabeticagents #oraldiabeticagents

FIGURE 9.1 Glucose-lowering medication in type 2 diabetes: overall approach. For appropriate context,
#diabetes #T2DM ... Glucose-lowering medication ... Canagliflozin on Renal ... Fradkin J, et al ... , Tsapas A, et al
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Medications 2. ... #high #nephrology
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... #Diuretics #Medications ... #Pharmacology # ... summary #table #nephrology