15 results
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... nephron #diuretics #pharmacology ... #nephrology #medications
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... #Diuretics #Medications ... #Pharmacology # ... summary #table #nephrology
Medications for Recurrent Calcium Oxalate (CaOx) Stones
HYPERCALCIURIA
 • Thiazides: HCT, Indapamide, Chlorthalidone
 • Consider after first
Medications for ... - Single kidney ... HYPOCITRATURIA • Potassium ... ABNORMALITIES (or all ... #CaOx #Stones #Medications
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Kidney ... - outside the kidneys ... Chronic diarrhea • Kidney ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric Kidney ... Recurrence: • For ALL ... : Liver and/or kidney ... SwastiThinks #Kidney ... Management #Pediatrics #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... ↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... • Low Urine Cl ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... Medications 2. ... diagnosis #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Effects of Prostaglandins and NSAIDs on the Kidney
Effects of Prostaglandins on the Kidney:
 • The vasodilatory
NSAIDs on the Kidney ... Prostaglandins on the Kidney ... hormones that act ... #renal #nephrology ... #pharmacology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... insipidus • Kidney ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology # ... Medications #Table