30 results
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup ... and Differential ... other hormonal causes ... #Workup #Differential ... Diagnosis #algorithm #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Workup Algorithm

Dr Nikhil Lohiya - NEPHKIDS 2020 @NEPHKIDS1

#Hypocalcemia #Workup #Algorithm #differential #diagnosis #endocrinology #causes
Hypocalcemia - Workup ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #differential # ... diagnosis #endocrinology ... #causes #calcium
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... calcium)-alkali syndrome ... #Causes #differential ... calcium #high #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Other humoral syndromes ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... 1) Clinical clues ... #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology ... elevated #evaluation #workup
Causes of Hypercalcemia due to increased Vitamin D levels
 • The BIG 3:
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Genetic: Williams syndrome ... #VitaminD #causes ... #differential # ... diagnosis #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... and Management ... - DiGeorge Syndrome ... #endocrinology ... #differential #algorithm
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #Hypercalcemia ... #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... Classification #Causes ... #Workup #hypomg
Hypoglycemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Workup:
 • Sulfonylurea Labs
 • Anti-lnsulin Ab - Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome
 •
and Differential ... Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome ... metabolic demand causes ... Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome ... Diagnosis #insulinoma #endocrinology