11 results
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal ... Injury #Prerenal #Postrenal
BUN/Creatinine ratio differentiate between acute and chronic renal disease.
Prerenal azotemia appears when there is poor renal
Postrenal azotemia ... azotemia or late postrenal
Medications causing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration: Diuretics
 • Altered intrarenal autoregulation: ACEIs / ARBs,
, methotrexate Postrenal
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
nephritis (AIN) Postrenal
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Prerenal:
 • Due to true volume loss or decreased
glomerulonephritis) Postrenal
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
to 12% in the postrenal
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
underlying cause POSTRENAL
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
prerenal azotemia or postrenal
Causes of Nausea and Vomiting - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone/Area Postrema:
 • Drugs:
	- Chemo agents
	-
Trigger Zone/Area Postrema
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Management Principles
Prerenal - Correct hemodynamic derangements:
 • If low preload →
causative medication Postrenal