15 results
Medications Used in Congestive Heart Failure

In CHF, the heart is failing as a pump; cardiac output
CHF also causes ... heart failure is chronic ... Drug therapy in chronic ... #Medications #Action ... HeartFailure #Cardiology #Preload
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... hypernatremia - CHF ... - Acute and chronic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Management of Lupus Nephritis
Lupus nephritis (LN) in 10 to 40% of SLE
Hallmark = proteinuria 20.5 g/g
severity (ISN/RPS classification ... by 12 months Classification ... Ill (NC) : active ... and chronic lesions ... #rheumatology #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Artery Disease • Stable ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF ... Metabolic Acidosis #Chronic
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... anemia) • G-CSF ... (NG suction, diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... blood pressure: Active ... the indicated causes ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... RTA Type II • Carbonic ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Transfusion reaction ... trauma - Ischemic colonic ... Food - Avoid in CRF ... Seaweed, Nuts, molasses ... potassium #high #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
liver cirrhosis, chronic ... the Nonspecific Cation ... Heart Association class ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
When tonic—clonic ... and metabolic causes ... to a conversion reaction ... Pseudoseizures #GrandMal #Classification ... #Diagnosis #Neurology