22 results
Vascular Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
 - Constant Pain (Ischemia)
 - Acute Onset
 -
Embolism (e.g. fractured ... Vessel (dislocation/fracture ... Marfan's Syndrome ... #JointPain #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Bone/Joint Causes ... Leg Pain: • Fracture ... Patellofemoral pain syndrome ... lower #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... diagnosis and treatment ... consistent with MS
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
• Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Commonly caused ... such as fibular fracture ... stopping walking (vascular ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Greater Trochanter Fracture ... • Compensatory muscular ... pathophysiology #causes ... #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis #msk
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... - Emergency Causes ... lumbar stenosis • Vascular ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... Intra-articulation fracture ... Knee #Effusions #causes ... differential #diagnosis #msk ... #physicalexam
Myoedema in Hypothyroidism on Physical Exam

Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from the production, secretion or
is a clinical syndrome ... varied clinical symptoms ... elevation in the muscular ... reflex hammer, caused ... Hypothyroidism #PhysicalExam
Intermittent Bilateral Exophthalmos (Alternating Exophthalmos and Enophthalmos) on Physical Exam

Observing this patient in silence for a
Treatments are aimed ... patient- bilateral symptoms ... The syndrome of ... Commonly, vascular ... ophthalmology #physicalexam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
findings: • Symptoms ... compression by fractured ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... Vascular/Blockage ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome