28 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... CNS Opportunistic ... • CNS opportunistic ... Demyelinating disease ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
clinical context and signs ... , HIV serology, ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Toxoplasmosis (CD4 ... Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... Lymphoma (CD4 < ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... always exclude: CKD ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Kidney Injury AKI ... - Differential ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... : Disease process ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential ... Rhabdomyolysis, Tumor lysis syndrome ... acidosis, DKA Kidney Disease ... : • AKI, CKD ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
(AQP4-lgG disease ... pain • Extra-CNS ... complications (AQP4-positive ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
to Headaches - Differential ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... brain lesion • CNS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
• Infectious: HIV ... • Inflammatory/AI ... Paraprotein-associated (POEMS syndrome ... Peripheral #Neuropathy #differential ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Infection - Viral (HIV ... Myoglobinuria: UA positive ... of underlying disease ... causes #treatment #nephrology