47 results
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Na <20: Extra-renal ... Na >30: Renal losses ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
sodium retention ... , Urine Na > 40meq ... • Nephrotic Syndrome ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... blood count with differential ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... syndrome: troponin ... Workup #Algorithm #Differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #sodium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Diuretics, Bartter Syndrome ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Diuretics, Bartter Syndrome ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... GI losses • Renal ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... GI losses • Renal ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... • Nutcracker syndrome ... #nephrology #renal
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
transporter Bartter syndrome ... limb Gitelman syndrome ... tubule Liddle syndrome ... deficiency Nephrogenic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Differential