86 results
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Vaughan Williams Classification ... prolong AV node repolarization ... Block K+ channels (primarily ... interval (delays time repolarization ... #Pharmacology #Classification
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... prolong AV node repolarization ... Block K+ channels (primarily ... prolong AV node repolarization ... #Pharmacology #Classification
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... 100 mOsm/kg) • Primary ... solute load #Polyuria ... #causes #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Diagnosis Algorithm ... nutrition), Azotemia LOW ... Diabetes Insipidus • Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification
Class I (Ia, Ib, Ic) - Na+ Channel Blockade
 • Slows depolarization
Vaughan Williams Classification ... in slow AP cells ... in slow AP cells ... • Slow sinus rate ... VaughanWilliams #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Ureterosigmoidostomy Urinary ... Amphotericin B - Polyuria ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Potassium #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... of Water: • Primary ... • Central Dl (Low ... Hypercalcemia Polyuria ... #nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Deprivation Test • Primary ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... secreting tumor, Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... diuresis (see Polyuria ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm