6013 results
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
intestinal calcium absorption ... and stimulates resorption ... Stimulate calcium reabsorption ... kidney, Stimulates resorption ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
- Differential Diagnosis ... Miscellaneous - Bone Resorption ... - Calcium Reabsorption ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Serotonin Syndrome - THINK: FAST
 - FAST onset
 - FAST movements (agitation, akathisia, HYPERreflexia)
 - FAST
HYPERreflexia) - FAST resolution ... HYPOreflexia - SLOW resolution ... NeurolepticMalignant #Syndrome #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
increased bone Ca2+ resorption ... increased GI Ca2+ absorption ... #differential #diagnosis
Diagnostic algorithm for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, in part adapted from the ATS/ERS consensus statement. HRCT =
Diagnostic algorithm ... HRCT = high-resolution ... UIP #Algorithm #Diagnosis
When trying to differentiate between the two conditions think “FAST” with Serotonin Syndrome and “SLOW” with
HYPERreflexia) - FAST resolution ... HYPOreflexia - SLOW resolution ... #Diagnosis #Serotonin
Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia
The diagnosis of drug-induced thrombocytopenia can be made only by demonstrating resolution of thrombocytopenia once
Thrombocytopenia The diagnosis ... demonstrating resolution ... are initially diagnosed ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
- Differential Diagnosis ... excretion/reduced bone resorption ... resistance to bone resorption ... resistance to bone resorption ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Negative feedback on hypothalamus/pituitary, Decreasing ACTH -> Decr Sex
action -> Decr Ca2+ Absorption ... Increased Bone Resorption ... signs #symptoms #diagnosis
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Solute Diuresis
 • Na intake/saline
 • Glucosuria: Hyperglycemia, SGLT-2 inhibitors
 • Urea: Exogenous
- Differential Diagnosis ... breakdown, TPN, Resolution ... #Differential #Diagnosis