20 results
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... : Most Common Causes ... Lung cancer • Renal ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Diabetic acidosis - Renal ... • Chronic renal ... failure • ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hormone–independent Renal ... failure, acute ... thyrotoxicosis, adrenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
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Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
papilledema, heart failure ... eg, presence of renal ... : Renal artery stenosis ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Renal parenchymal
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
 • Neurologic: Headaches, Dizziness, Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barré, Ageusia, Myalgia, Anosmia, Stroke
 • Renal:
Anosmia, Stroke • Renal ... : Acute kidney injury ... Myocardial ischemia, Acute ... Extrapulmonary #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #SARSCOV2
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
into the left renal ... Effect: The left renal ... blood in left renal ... Secondary: - Renal ... valve leaflet failure
Biphasic Illness of Leptospirosis
Some patients do not progress to severe disease. Others, rapidly develop severe disease
brief interval symptom ... rash • Others: nausea ... Weil's disease (renal ... and multi-organ failure ... Diagnosis #Illness #Signs
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Viral replication causes ... Hypertension - Renal ... ischemia - Heart failure ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
contribution of liver or renal ... peritonitis - Acute ... deficiency - Renal ... lactate production Renal ... #typea #typeb #classification
 Acute Iron Poisoning

There are five classically described phases of toxicity:
Gastrointestinal phase (~6 hours post-ingestion)
 -
Acute Iron Poisoning ... Abdominal pain, nausea ... post-ingestion) - Symptom ... coagulopathy, renal ... failure) Hepatotoxicity