15 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... Proximal and distal RTA ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... K = Hyperkalemic ... Renal Tubular Acidosis ... #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis ... Tubular Acidosis ... K: low/normal ... Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... be treated with IV ... suggests extra-renal ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #nephrology #low
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... Potassium-sparing ... Calcineurin inhibitors IV ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
transfusion • HTN and edema ... potassium • Beta ... - Metabolic acidosis ... RTARenal hypoperfusion ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
transfusion • HTN and edema ... potassium • Beta ... - Metabolic acidosis ... RTARenal hypoperfusion ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... Diarrhea • Fistula Renal ... Cell Problem - Low ... IV Alpha-Intercalated ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Renin/Aldosterone, RTA ... ) • Low K diet ... caution in HTN & edema ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
- Appropriate renal ... , TTKG, distal flow ... Release - Increased Serum ... Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology