15 results
Compelling and Possible Contraindications to Antihypertensive Drugs
Diuretics (thiazides)
 - Gout
 - Metabolic syndrome, Glucose intolerance, Pregnancy,
) - Gout - Metabolic ... , Serum creatinine ... Angioneurotic edema ... active patients, Chronic ... contraindications #table
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... : • Acute or chronic ... #Causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
algorithm Decreased ... renal potassium excretion ... renal failure • Chronic ... #nephrology #potassium ... #differential
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Tubular Acidosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... K = Hyperkalemic ... tract obstruction, Chronic ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... transfusion • HTN and edema ... infusions) - Metabolic ... Impaired Renal Excretion ... potassium #high #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Chronic progressive ... ketosis with ketone excretion ... #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... acidosis • Chronic ... D-lactic acidosis • Chronic ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... normal Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... Surgical drains - Chronic ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... transfusion • HTN and edema ... infusions) - Metabolic ... Impaired Renal Excretion ... potassium #high #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Appropriate renal excretion ... Release - Increased Serum ... Non-Anion Gap Metabolic ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology