987 results
Calcium Homeostasis

Serum Calcium - PTH - Vitamin D Regulation

#Calcium #Homeostasis #Pathophysiology #Autoregulation #VitaminD #PTH #Endocrinology
Homeostasis Serum ... #Homeostasis #Pathophysiology
Hypercalcemia - Hormones and Pathophysiology  
Calcitriol:
 • Bones: Enhances mineralization
 • GI Tract: ↑ Ca2+
- Hormones and Pathophysiology ... reabsorption • Serum ... reabsorption • Serum ... reabsorption • Serum ... Hypercalcemia #Hormones #Pathophysiology
Type III Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Small antigen-antibody complexes (produced from normal immune response to
glomerulonephritis • Serum ... Allergy #Immunology #pathophysiology
Calcium homeostasis is a process controlled by chiefly by hormones vitamin D and PTH. 
Vitamin D
acts to increase serum ... regulated primarily by serum ... #Pathophysiology
Magnesium Absorption and Pathophysiology 
Magnesium Absorption: 
 • absorbed in the GIT — small intestine, Saturable
Absorption and Pathophysiology ... tissue, 1% in serum ... Magnesium #Absorption #Pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
releasing K+ into serum ... potassium #high #pathophysiology
Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis (EuDKA)
SGLT2 Inhibitors
Increasing Indications
Significant Adverse Drug Effects
Definition of EuDKA
 • Metabolic acidosis with pH
3 • Decreased serum ... level < 200 mg/dL Pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
cells -> Decr Serum ... proteins -> decr Serum ... Syndrome #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Paget’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Incr serum CTx - marker of bone resorption
 •
Findings • Incr serum ... fractures • Incr serum ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
Fever - High serum ... Temporal #Arteritis #Pathophysiology