39 results
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
anemia, Thalassemia ... Sideroblastic anemia ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... key #diagnosis #differential
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
Curve Left Shift ... - Sickle cell anemia ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Left #Right #Shift ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... in pernicious anemia ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Transcellular shifts
Diagnostic Framework for Anemia (Morphological Approach - MCV)
Low MCV - <80fL - "Microcytic"
 • Iron deficiency
Framework for Anemia ... thalassemia • Anemia ... Normocytic" • Anemia ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... morphologic #mcv #differential
Iron Deficiency Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Labs: Ferritin, iron, transferrin, TIBC, TSAT, sTfR

 • Blood loss:
Iron Deficiency ... Anemia - Differential ... Gastrectomy, WHDA syndrome ... , Copper deficiency ... #Anemia #Differential
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... • Pernicious Anemia ... • Pernicious Anemia ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... #Macrocytic #Anemia
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
E - Haemolytic anaemia ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... paraesthesiae • Folate - Anaemia ... Vitamin B12 - Anaemia ... #differential #
Gastrointestinal Causes of Iron Deficiency Anemia
 • Mass lesions: Carcinoma, Large polyps
 • Inflammatory: Reflux esophagitis,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Anemia • Mass ... rubber bleb nevus syndrome ... #Anemia #Causes ... #differential #
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
Pancytopenia - Differential ... Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency ... • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... B12 • Folate deficiency
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Thrombocytopenia - Differential ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... • Folate Deficiency ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... Thrombocytopenia #Differential