15 results
diagnosis differential causes hypokalemia potassium adrenal insufficiency intercellularshift acth breast cushings discharge framework hypercortisolism hypernatremia hyponatremia hypophosphatemia hypotonic phosphate physiologic
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... beta-2 adrenergic simulation ... #nephrology #low
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
with hypokalemia ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... B2-adrenergic stimulation ... HCO3- • Low Urine ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... hormone (ACTH) stimulation ... insufficiency likely: • High ... insufficiency • Low ... #endocrinology
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm High Prolactin + Normal TSH • Microprolactinoma • Steroid Hormone Intake
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Failure • Stress (e.g ... Pregnancy, Breast Stimulation ... Prolactin + Normal/ Low ... #Endocrinology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
glucose mg/dL]/18 HIGH ... Hyperglycemia, High ... solute intake (e.g ... nutrition), Azotemia LOW ... #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
leukemia Measure Urine ... Transcellular Shift ... Refeeding, Glycolysis stimulation ... • Normal or High ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... nephron - TTKG > 7, Urine ... EABV (e.g., CHF ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... urinary losses: • High ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... isolation) GI loss - Urine ... Transcellular shift ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
Sodium >145 mmol/L High ... Urine Osmolality ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
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