34 results
diagnosis differential causes hypokalemia management hyperkalemia low high metabolic alkalosis framework normal phosphate rhabdomyolysis acute aki blood chloride comparison criticalcare
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tubular Acidosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup NAGMA - Chem, ABG or VBG - Calculate Anion
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis ... Framework and Workup ... - Renal • Urine ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea pH Normal 1. Decreased Mg 2. Intracellular Shift
Acidosis - RTA ... Intracellular Shift ... Renal artery stenosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... (if preserved renal ... #nephrology
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia ... Transcellular Shift ... : • Lactic acidosis ... CKD Increased Renal ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Extra-renal Losses ... • Metabolic acidosis ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
of magnesium = (urine ... serum magnesium x urine ... intake, Gl loss, shift ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... #Workup #urology
Toluene Poisoning - Diagnosis and Management Summary What is it? Volatile hydrocarbon, Glue or paint-sniffing, Occupational
effects (inc psych) Renal ... Early raised AG acidosis ... , ↓K+ Renal - chronic ... nephrocalcinosis) • Urine ... environment • Potassium
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