51 results
diagnosis differential algorithm causes hypokalemia management workup potassium alkalosis hyponatremia low metabolic treatment blood classification hematuria hyperkalemia nephrotic phosphate rheumatology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... Proteinuria often ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... hematuria and/or proteinuria ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
(Negative urine ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... (Positive urine ... albuminuria) - Active urine ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria • Signs ... - Proteinuria ... causes #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #
Approach to Hypomagnesemia Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
of magnesium = (urine ... serum magnesium x urine ... intake, Gl loss, shift ... cells FEMg >4% = renal ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD Normal to mildly increased albuminuria: - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
associated with worse renal ... : - Urine total ... defined as nephrotic syndrome ... classification #CKD #nephrology ... #diagnosis #proteinuria
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
WBCs, or urine ... glomerular bleeding (proteinuria ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water SG close to
Urine Specific Gravity ... Gravity = Density of urine ... Dehydration • SIADH (syndrome ... Glycosuria • Proteinuria ... #differential #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
dipstick, urine ... clinical context and signs ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... syndrome: troponin ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
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