120 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... Transcellular shifts ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... nephrology #low #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
- Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Differential ... Excretion (IV potassium ... Transcellular Shift ... Hyperkalemia #Nephrology #Differential
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology # ... potassium #medications
Antiarrhythmic Drugs

CLASS IA
 • Procainamide, Quinidine, Disopyramide
CLASS 1B
 • Lidocaine, Mexiletine
CLASS 2
 • Propranolol, Esmolol
CLASS 4
Antiarrhythmic Drugs CLASS ... Disopyramide CLASS ... Adenosine, Magnesium, Potassium ... #Medications #Classes ... Classification #Pharmacology
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... caused by excess potassium ... transcellular shifts ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... #Causes
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
Curve Left Shift ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Left #Right #Shift ... #Differential # ... Causes #Diagnosis
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
that Impair Renal Potassium ... #Hyperkalemia #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology # ... Impaired #Potassium
Conceptual Relationship between Volume Responsiveness and Volume Tolerance

Assessing for volume responsiveness would only tell you that
Causes of "Left ... Shift" (Decreased ... Tolerance #IVFluids #Shift ... Challenge #Diagram #Differential ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... syndrome • Severe potassium ... depletion (serum potassium ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential