111 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... K-ATPase which imports ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
Curve Left Shift ... - incr H+ (acidosis ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Left #Right #Shift ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... • Bartter's syndrome ... Transcellular shift
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... • Refeeding syndrome ... Transcellular shifts ... #Hypokalemia #Differential
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential ... Rhabdomyolysis, Tumor lysis syndrome ... Transcellular Shift ... : • Lactic acidosis ... Hyperphosphatemia #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • Metabolic acidosis ... • Metabolic acidosis ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #Hypokalemia #Differential
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
Evaluation and Differential ... are they more acidotic ... Differential Diagnosis ... bicarb, Bicarb shift ... Evaluation #workup #Differential
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... (HAGMA) - Differential ... associated with short ... bowel syndrome ... #HAGMA #Differential
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift:
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Tumor Lysis
 • Metabolic or Respiratory Acidosis
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential ... Transcellular Shift ... or Respiratory Acidosis ... HighPhosphate #Differential
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Intracellular Shift ... #Hypokalemia #Differential