32 results
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood Smear.
Key features suggesting Plasmodium falciparum:
- extreme parasitemia
- normocytic RBCs (vivax, ovale prefer big
Falciparum Blood Smear ... P. falciparum causes ... ~75% of human malaria ... rare in blood smears ... #microbiology #malaria
Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Further Workup

 • CNS symptoms? Get an LP and imaging
Unknown Origin (FUO ... Returning Traveler’ algorithm ... • Travel to malaria–endemic ... Thick and thin smear ... udaygulati #FUO
Causes of Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neoplasm:
• NHL
• Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Leukemia
• Solid
Causes of Fever ... Unknown Origin (FUO ... Protozoa (eg. malaria ... UnknownOrigin #FUO ... #causes
Causes of Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Differential Diagnosis
 • Infection: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, Abscess, Endocarditis,
Causes of Fever ... Unknown Origin (FUO ... Lemierre's syndrome), Malaria ... vasculitis to cause ... FUO), Sarcoidosis
Plasmodium - Identification Algorithm
 • P. falciparum: RINGS AND GAMETOCYTES PREDOMINATE, Small delicate rings, <1/3 size
Identification Algorithm ... gametocytes • P. malariae ... Identification #Algorithm ... #pathology #smear ... #microscopy #malaria
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Peripheral blood smear ... Malaria, Clostridium ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperphosphatemia, High PTH ... Hyperphosphatemia, Low PTH ... #Causes #algorithm
Causes of Secondary IgA Nephropathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • GI disorders: Celiac disease, Crohn's disease,
Causes of Secondary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... mucosal infections, Malaria ... #Nephropathy #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Determine whether PTH-dependent ... other hormonal causes ... for non-hormonal causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Elevated PTH (High ... Hypercalcemia Low PTH ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology