11 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... disease • Granular casts ... key #diagnosis #nephrology ... #casts
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... eosinophiluria, microscopic ... proteinuria, granular casts ... /RTE; blend sediment ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Urinary Sediment Examination Instructions
Preparation of the urine for microscopic examination:
 • Clean catch
up by cells or casts ... Ill stain) and crystals ... RBC's, lipids, crystals ... protein matrix of casts ... Instructions #steps #checklist
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... , crystals, protein
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Acute increase in ... Epithelial cell casts ... myeloma) • Urate crystals ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Urine Microscopy Instructions
1) Spin fresh urine sample (10-15mL) in a centrifuge for 3-5 minutes - Don't
Urine Microscopy ... sample (10-15mL) in ... the remaining sediment ... under lower power (casts ... #Instructions #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
HPF spun urine sediment ... Microscopic ... examination of urine sediment ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... #urology #nephrology
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
urine sediment ... Microscopic exam ... • Crystals ... • Urinary casts ... leucocyte-esterase #urine #UNa #casts
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... cell/white cell casts ... nephritic urine sediment ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology