11 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... tubular cells - Acute ... tubular injury ... protein indicating acute ... tubular injury
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Clarity Dipstick ... Microscopic exam ... • Crystals ... • Urinary casts ... Acute Kidney Injury
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... , urine dipstick ... , urine microscopy ... / urinary sediment ... #Kidney #Injury
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Differential ... Intrarenal: stones, crystals ... #Kidney #Injury ... #AKI #Differential
Urine Microscopy - Urinary Sediment Examination Instructions
Preparation of the urine for microscopic examination:
 • Clean catch
Urine Microscopy ... - Urinary Sediment ... bag • Perform dipstick ... up by cells or casts ... #Microscopy #Urinary
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... (Urinalysis or dipstick ... Immune mediated injury ... hematuria: - RBC casts
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Kidney Injury (AKI ... ) - Differential ... Kidney Injury ( ... myeloma) • Urate crystals ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... are seen in acute ... #Casts #Differential ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Kidney Injury ( ... circulating volume, Urinary ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... , crystals, protein
Medications causing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration: Diuretics
 • Altered intrarenal autoregulation: ACEIs / ARBs,
Kidney Injury ( ... Bactrim), NSAIDs • Crystal ... contraction, and/or ↑ urinary ... sphincter tone: • Opiates ... #pharmacology #differential