10 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
Microscopic exam ... • Crystals ... • Urinary casts ... Acute Kidney Injury ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... , urine dipstick ... , urine microscopy ... / urinary sediment ... osmolarity If cause
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... (Urinalysis or dipstick ... Immune mediated injury ... hematuria: - RBC casts
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... white blood cell casts ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts ... Intrarenal: stones, crystals
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Kidney Injury ( ... circulating volume, Urinary ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... , crystals, protein
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... ) - Differential ... Epithelial cell casts ... myeloma) • Urate crystals ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... are seen in acute ... #Casts #Differential
Urine Microscopy - Urinary Sediment Examination Instructions
Preparation of the urine for microscopic examination:
 • Clean catch
Urine Microscopy ... bag • Perform dipstick ... up by cells or casts ... protein matrix of casts ... #Microscopy #Urinary
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Guide to Acute Kidney ... Injury (AKI) ... UOP/weights - Urine ... pre-renal) - Urinary ... #Differential