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diagnosis differential aki management microscopy table treatment workup hematuria kidneyinjury pharmacology acutekidneyinjury alcohol atlas biopsy blood cardiology chf clinical criticalcare
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... key #diagnosis #nephrology ... #casts
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... Acute Kidney Injury ... Epithelial cell casts ... myeloma) • Urate crystals ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
Kidney Injury ( ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... , crystals, protein
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... and chronic kidney ... #nephrology #interpretation
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
proteinuria as a disease state ... • Urinary casts ... Acute Kidney Injury ... #Urinalysis #crystals ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... repeat testing • Acute ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Nephrotic #Syndrome #Comparison ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min) Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Recovery from Acute ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... are seen in acute ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
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