17 results
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Causes of Generalized ... Overfill (Increased renal ... sodium retention ... Trauma #Edema #anasarca ... #Causes
Principal Causes of Generalized Edema - History, Physical Examination, and Laboratory Findings 

Cardiac, Hepatic, Renal (ARF),
Principal Causes ... (ARF), Renal (Nephrotic ... Syndrome) #Edema ... #Anasarca #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Table
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... , UNa < 20 • Nephrotic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Tea and Toast Syndrome ... • Renal Failure ... liver failure, nephrotic ... syndrome ... #causes #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... syndrome • Urine ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... liver failure • nephrotic ... syndromerenal ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... GI losses • Renal ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... GI losses • Renal ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic ... syndrome) Euvolemic ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... syndrome) • ADH ... #sodium #nephrology