52 results
diagnosis differential algorithm hypokalemia potassium management low high hypernatremia hypomagnesemia magnesium table treatment workup classification hyponatremia medications pharmacology polyuria chronic
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... • Osmotic diuresis ... • Central diabetes ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... - Osmotic diuresis ... - Uncontrolled diabetes ... Classification #Causes
Drugs causing hyperkalemia • Impaired release of renin: NSAIDs, Beta blockers, Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes, Elderly •
Drugs causing hyperkalemia ... Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes ... Ketoconazole • Sodium ... Drospirenone #Drugs #hyperkalemia ... #medications #causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Excess Intake of Water: • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia") •
Causes of Polyuria ... a.k.a. osmotic diuresis ... Diabetes Insipidus ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... (treatment of diabetic ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... #nephrology #potassium
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
associated with hypokalemia ... hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia ... overdose) - Sodium ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine Output > 3L /day Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg) • Primary
3L /day Water Diuresis ... Polydipsia • Central Diabetes ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis GI losses / Insensible losses Sodium Overload Transcellular Movement of Water Central Diabetes Insipidus
Insensible losses Sodium ... Water Central Diabetes ... disorders Nephrogenic Diabetes ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
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