12 results
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... identified with modern culture ... #differential # ... #culture #negative ... #CNIE #BCNIE #cardiology
My Patient with Infective Endocarditis (IE) Has Negative Blood Cultures
 - Did they receive antibiotics prior
with Infective Endocarditis ... therapy - Number one cause ... of culture negative ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Algorithm
Endocarditis Algorithm - Infective vs Noninfective Causes
Noninfective:
 • Malignancy
 • Autoimmune disease
 • Systemic infection
Native Valve
Endocarditis Algorithm ... vs Noninfective Causes ... • HACEK • Culture-negative ... #Noninfective #Causes ... #Differential #
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
), Spontaneous rupture ... infarction, Tendineae rupture ... Papillary muscle rupture ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Chordae Tendinae • Rupture ... • Infarct • Rupture ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... #causes
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative ... • Most common cause ... media • Important cause ... sinus • Sputum culture ... #diagnosis #management
Diarrhea Workup and Management Algorithm in Transplant Patients
First Tier Microbiologic-Testing:
1. C. difficile PCR (Stool)
2. CMV qPCR
and Management Algorithm ... Bacterial culture ... above testing negative ... #Management #Algorithm ... Transplant #diagnosis #differential
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... but important causes ... identified with modern culture ... - Standard culture ... #diagnosis #differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Culture (+): ... • Coagulase-negative ... staphylococci Culture ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... Hypercoagulable (APLAS) Microbiology ... Culture Positive ... staphylococci Culture ... Diagnosis #cardiology