13 results
Definitions of AKI, CKD, AKD
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI):
 • Increase in SCr by 2 50% within
GFR < 60 ml/min ... OR • GFR < 60 ... • Decrease in GFR ... • GFR ≥ 60 ml/min ... #nephrology #acute
Interpreting Kidney Biomarkers

↑ Creatinine: 
 • AKI, CKD
 • Medications that lead to nephroprotective ↓ in
, CKD • Medications ... nephroprotective ↓ in GFR ... , CKD • Obesity ... hyperthyroidism ↓ eGFR ... #laboratory #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... function (eGFR ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... Hyperphosphatemia #CKD ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology
Effects of Prostaglandins and NSAIDs on the Kidney
Effects of Prostaglandins on the Kidney:
 • The vasodilatory
is increased in CKD ... prolonged NSAID use in CKD ... with GFR > 30 and ... avoidance with GFR ... #renal #nephrology
To improve the usefulness of the serum creatinine concentration as a marker of kidney function, prediction
as a marker of kidney ... accurately predict GFR ... overestimation of GFR ... used to estimate GFR ... CockcroftGault #EGFR
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... Generalized distal nephron ... Chronic progressive kidney ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... osmolarity If cause ... myoglobin • Myeloma ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
Complications - Hypercalcemia ... of calcium in renal ... filtration rate (GFR ... decr ability of kidneys ... Release of purine bases
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
esp w oliguria / GFR ... Labs: BMP (Assess GFR ... Elimination (see Table ... status to improve GFR ... sufficient if intact GFR
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... per day until stable ... Diagnosis #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology