4003 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Lower Urinary tract ... disease Renal Causes ... Lower urinary tract ... ) Causes of Hematuria ... #urology #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... ) - Urinary tract ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... stones: • Urinary tract ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... anion gap GI Tract ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
tubular necrosis (causes ... bladder • Urinary tract ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... Conditions: urinary tract ... Pseudomonas urinary tract ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Lateral Medullary Syndrome - Wallenberg's Syndrome
Acute continuous vertigo due to Posterior Circulation Stroke (usually Posterior Inferior
Clinical Findings: • Nausea ... Solitary nucleus/tract ... nucleus (CN 5) / tract ... Spinothalamic tract ... #Wallenbergs #neurology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
in the urinary tract ... inflammation in urinary tract ... Bacteria - Urinary tract ... key #diagnosis #nephrology ... #casts
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Causes of Urinary ... Tract Obstruction ... Algorithm Upper Tract ... obstruction Lower Tract ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes