62 results
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
environmental triggers ... old; F>M Signs/Symptoms ... Temporal #Arteritis #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Inflammatory bowel disease: Crohn disease compared to Ulcerative colitis 

#Crohns #Disease #Ulcerative #Colitis #Comparison #Table #Manifestations
Inflammatory bowel disease ... : Crohn disease ... Ulcerative #Colitis #Comparison ... Manifestations #Symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Management
Types of Chronic Urinary Incontinence

Type, Prevalence, Pathophysiology and Symptoms:
 - Stress
 - Urge
 - Mixed
 -
Types of Chronic Urinary ... Type, Prevalence, Pathophysiology ... and Symptoms: ... Functional #Diagnosis ... #Types #Comparison
â–º
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
liver or kidney disease ... Corticosteroid use • Primary ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Tertiary Lab Comparison ... Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
trigger - Direct ... and duration of symptoms ... angioedema Other symptoms ... Cold #Urticaria #diagnosis ... #rheumatology #comparison
Primary Sjogren’s Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
• Primary Sjögren's is a solitary process whereas secondary Sjögren's
other autoimmune diseases ... with systemic diseases ... Sjogrens #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Diagnosis Framework ... Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... with GCA or as primary ... Rash, arthritis Primary ... • Progressive symptoms
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Environmental triggers ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Vasculitis
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
RPGN has three primary ... pathophysiologic ... involvement: Anti-GBM Disease ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis ... #differential #diagnosis