12 results
Effects of Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Calcitonin on Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism

#Parathyroid #hormone #PTH #Calcitonin #phosphate
Parathyroid hormone (PTH ... ) and Calcitonin ... #Calcitonin #phosphate ... #metabolism #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Hormones and Pathophysiology  
Calcitriol:
 • Bones: Enhances mineralization
 • GI Tract: ↑ Ca2+
Hypercalcemia - ... Hormones and Pathophysiology ... Ca2+, ↑ PO4- PTH ... Ca2+, ↓ PO4- Calcitonin ... #endocrinology
Hormonal Regulation of the Blood Calcium concentration

#Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid #Calcitonin #Calcitriol #PTH #Endocrinology #Pathophysiology #Hormones
#Parathyroid #Calcitonin ... #Calcitriol #PTH ... #Endocrinology ... #Pathophysiology
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasias (MEN syndromes) 

MEN I
• Hyperparathyroidism 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Possible ZE syndrome 
• Various
Hyperparathyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... Various Pituitary path ... • Increased calcitonin ... • Increased calcitonin ... #Differential #Endocrinology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH ... Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia ... absorption ↑ bone ... Calcium #Phosphorus #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Algorithm Elevated PTH ... Low PTH: • Elevated ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... - Accelerated Bone ... Formation: Hungy Bone ... Signaling #Hypocalcemia ... Diagnosis #Management #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Malignancy • PTH-Related ... Cytokine-Mediated Bone ... Lymphomas) Metastatic Bone ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
signs, Fragile bones ... easily/weakness, Bone ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #PTH #Primary # ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
Hypercalcemia of ... Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... PTH-mediated ... resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone