26 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... acidosis: Proximal and ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... hypercalciuria and ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Toast Syndrome, ... Beer Potomania - Low ... • Renal Failure ... failure, nephrotic syndrome ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
in cardiorenal syndrome ... • Increased renal ... blood flow • ... #cardiorenal #syndrome ... pathophysiology #nephrology
Pharmacological Treatment of Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Midodrine - Alpha agonist incr blood pressure incr renal perfusion pressure
of Hepatorenal Syndrome ... pressure incr renal ... Vasoconstriction of systemic and ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephrology #Management
Renal involvement in 35% of mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis 
Associated with : 
 • Absence of skin
Renal involvement ... Combined decr of C3 and ... Cryoglobulinemia #Vasculitis #Management ... #Rheumatology # ... Cryoglobulinemic #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
as arrhythmias and ... suggests extra-renal ... consumption • Low ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hepatorenal Syndrome Diagnosis
 • ↑ in serum Cr of ≥ 0.3mg/dL above baseline
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... significantly improve renal ... type 2 HRS) • Low ... #Hepatorenal #Syndrome ... diagnosis #HRS #nephrology
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
CLINICAL
 • Nephritic syndrome (Casts)
 • Marked proteinuria (may be
GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and ... • Nephritic syndrome ... • Often severe renal ... available • Renal ... GlomeruloNephritis #nephrology
Management of Lupus Nephritis
Lupus nephritis (LN) in 10 to 40% of SLE
Hallmark = proteinuria 20.5 g/g
Management of Lupus ... or 0.5 g/day → renal ... #treatment #management ... #rheumatology # ... nephrology