22 results
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Arthritis ... Valgus position of knee ... #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis ... #msk
Patellofemoral Syndrome - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Knee Pain with possible symptoms of 'catching'
findings • Anterior Knee ... with possible symptoms ... Patellofemoral #Syndrome #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #msk
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
Signs/Symptoms ... weight-bear • Arthritic ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
of lumbosacral joint ... (Stork test) ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Fever/Chills/Joint ... #Effusions #causes ... #msk #physicalexam
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
- Arthralgia, Arthritis ... Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis
Approach to Joint Pain

History:
Is the pain from:
	• Joint
	• Adjacent bursa
	• Tendon
	• Ligament
	• Bone
	• Muscle
	• Referred from
or nerve root Symptoms ... present both at rest ... e.g., congenital hip ... #Pain #MSK #rheumatology ... #differential #diagnosis
Bone Deformity / Limp - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Infection
 • Septic Arthritis
 • Cortical Hypertrophy
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Other Causes ... JointHip Dysplasia ... Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease Knee ... Deformity #Limp #MSK
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
or signs. ... PCR and CMV pp65 ... antigenemia test ... Retinitis (Most common cause ... #symptoms
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
in Rheumatoid arthritis ... commonly affects the knee ... hip and L/C-spine ... Comparison #Versus #MSK ... #pathophysiology