21 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Solid Tumors: Lung ... renal, Bladder, Breast ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... Hyperthyroid, Bony ... #causes #endocrinology
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Primary Bone Tumors ... in adults - Breast ... • Aneurysmal Bone ... Histiocytoma #Primary #Bone ... #Bony #Tumors #
Malignant Bone Tumors: Pathogenesis of X-ray appearance

 • Metastatic bone tumors (aka. cancerous cells from systemic
metastasis: • Breast ... look whiter than normal ... • Lung. thvroid ... • Soft-tissue mass ... BoneTumors #Malignant #Radiology
Liver Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign Cystic 
 • Cyst
 • Polycystic Liver Disease
 • Caroli's
Liver Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Lung, Colon, Breast ... ) #Liver #Mass ... #Causes
Liver Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cystic:
 • Benign 
     - Simple: Simple
Liver Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - secondary - Breast ... , Lung, Colon etc ... #Causes #Hepatology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone ... , Renal Cell, Breast ... Pathophysiology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
D) Increased bone ... Paget's disease of bone ... Multiple myeloma (bone ... metastases: thyroid, breast ... endocrinology #diagnosis #differential
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Breast, Kidney, ... Lung) • Cytokine-Mediated ... Bone Resorption ... Lymphomas) Metastatic Bone
Mammogram Basics

A diagnostic mammogram is obtained when a patient has symptoms, usually a mass. The mass
views of each breast ... are obtained, one ... looking at the breast ... Normal breasts are ... #Mammography #Breast
Hand X-Ray Anatomy and Interpretation Checklist
1. Soft tissues - Look carefully at the soft tissue over
the underlying bone ... the trabecular pattern ... deviation from normal ... Other areas - Last ... Interpretation #Checklist #radiology