10 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... , Bladder, Breast ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... Hyperthyroid, Bony ... #causes #endocrinology
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Primary Bone Tumors ... in adults - Breast ... • Aneurysmal Bone ... Histiocytoma #Primary #Bone ... #Bony #Tumors #
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
D - Increased renal ... resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone ... Cell, Breast Cancer ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
SAPHO Syndrome Summary

What?
SAPHO syndrome is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of bone, joint, and skin characterized
inflammatory disorder of bone ... swelling of the bone ... Rule out other causes ... radiographs of affected areas ... bone, breast bone
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... D) Increased bone ... Paget's disease of bone ... Multiple myeloma (bone ... metastases: thyroid, breast
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal Failure, Post-Renal ... Breast, Kidney, ... Cytokine-Mediated Bone ... Lymphomas) Metastatic Bone
Posterior staphyloma on Fundoscopy Ocular Examination

Patient presents bilateral posterior staphylomas and areas of scarring and fibrosis
on Fundoscopy Ocular ... staphylomas and areas ... staphyloma #Scarring #Retina ... #clinical #video ... #ophthalmology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vascular Causes ... Infiltration: Often breast ... hemolysis) • ALP: Bone ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Ocular Pulsion

Ocular pulsion- Eye deviation to the right in this case, on closing eyes (removal of
right in this case ... best seen on closing ... Boby Varkey Maramattom ... Pulsion #clinical #video ... physicalexam #neurology #ophthalmology
Downbeat Nystagmus on Physical Exam

65 year old female with new walking difficulty and dizziness. Why downbeat
corrective movement causes ... Hence DBN is a great ... Boby Varkey Maramattom ... PhysicalExam #clinical #video ... #ocular #ophthalmology