77 results
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge ... Pregnancy, Breast ... Production • Renal ... Hypothyroidism #Breast ... Endocrinology #Causes
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
into the deeper retinal ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... ischemia causes ... macula, and/or retina ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
nervefiber layer -> Retinal ... white or yellow areas ... of the terminal retinal ... around atrophic areas ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Causes of Anterior Uveitis - Differential Diagnosis
Anterior Uveitis - 90% of cases of Uveitis
 • Inflammation
Causes of Anterior ... vitreous humor, and retina ... Posner-Schlossman Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #ophthalmology
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
Infiltration- often breast ... Vascular: Budd-chiari syndrome ... Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Causes of Pericardial Effusion - Differential Diagnosis
Infectious:
 • Viral: Enterovirus, Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Parvovirus
 • Bacterial: Mycobacterium
Causes of Pericardial ... Arthritis, Sjogren Syndrome ... Disease, Behcet Syndrome ... : Lung Cancer, Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
Concussion Other Causes ... • Sjögren’s syndrome ... hyperviscosity syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #ophthalmology ... #causes
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
although hepatic causes ... namely, the many causes ... - Inherited Urea ... of ammonia: - Urease ... rare): - Reye syndrome
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... metastases: thyroid, breast ... lung cancer • Renal ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... Hypercalcemia #Causes
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... , Bladder, Breast ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes