29 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... ischemia causes ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications
Liver Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign Cystic 
 • Cyst
 • Polycystic Liver Disease
 • Caroli's
Liver Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Lung, Colon, Breast ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge ... Algorithm High ... Pregnancy, Breast ... Hypothyroidism #Breast ... #Causes
Liver Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cystic:
 • Benign 
     - Simple: Simple
Liver Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - secondary - Breast ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Elevated ... Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... , Bladder, Breast ... #Algorithm #causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm ADH ... Treat with a high ... Heart failure, liver ... #Algorithm #causes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... of the terminal retinal ... around atrophic areas ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Caused by splanchnic ... Diagnosis (Clinical ... Exclude other AKI causes ... Diagnostic Support ... • Treat underlying
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... Algorithm Decreased ... persistent over at least ... Proteinuria) • Diabetes ... #Algorithm #Causes
Pruritus - Generalized Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Systemic and Primary Causes
== Primary Skin Lesions ==
Macules /
Algorithm - Systemic ... and Primary Causes ... Blood Glucose: • Diabetes ... Mellitus Liver ... #Algorithm #causes