18 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tumors: Lung, SCC, renal ... , Bladder, Breast ... #causes #endocrinology
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... in adults - Breast ... Thyroid - Lung - Renal ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge ... - Differential ... Pregnancy, Breast ... Hypothyroidism #Breast ... Endocrinology #Causes
Liver Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign Cystic 
 • Cyst
 • Polycystic Liver Disease
 • Caroli's
Liver Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Lung, Colon, Breast ... #Liver #Mass #Hepatology ... #Causes
Liver Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cystic:
 • Benign 
     - Simple: Simple
Liver Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - secondary - Breast ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Hepatology
Causes of Localized Lymphadenopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cervical:
 - Anterior
     • Infection
Causes of Localized ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Thoracic Malignancy (Breast ... Thoracic Wall, Breast ... #Causes #Hematology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
into the deeper retinal ... infarcts from occlusions ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone ... Cell, Breast Cancer ... Pathophysiology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... Hard Exudates • Occlusion ... of the terminal retinal ... around atrophic areas ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... D) Increased bone ... metastases: thyroid, breast ... Hypercalcemia #Causes ... endocrinology #diagnosis #differential