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Upper Motor Neuron (UMN) lesions are lesions occurring anywhere in the CNS from the brain up
form part of the differential ... However, in UMN ... clinically characterized ... very different clinical ... positive Babinski reflex
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
and multiple spinal ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... cervical and thoracic spine ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Spinal Cord Injury by Nerve Root Levels
Spinal Root	Sensory	Motor	Reflex
C4	Acromioclavicular Joint	Respiration	None
C5	Radial Antecubital Fossa	Elbow Flexion	Biceps Reflex
C6	Dorsal Thumb	Wrist Extension	Brachioradialis Reflex
C7	Dorsal
Spinal Cord Injury ... Nerve Root Levels Spinal ... NerveRoots #Levels #differential ... #diagnosis #Neurology ... #Spine
Lazarus Sign / Reflex in Brain Death - Head Flexion

The presence of this complex spinal reflex
Lazarus Sign / Reflex ... of this complex spinal ... pathway via the spinal ... BrainDeath #BrainDead #Neurology ... #video #clinical
Lazarus Sign / Reflex in Brain Death - Head Turn

The presence of this complex spinal reflex
Lazarus Sign / Reflex ... of this complex spinal ... pathway via the spinal ... BrainDeath #BrainDead #Neurology ... #video #clinical
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential ... neurological lesion: Clinical ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... : Areflexia UMN ... #differential
Hoffmann's Reflex on Physical Exam
The Hoffmann's reflex itself involves loosely holding the middle finger and flicking
Hoffmann's Reflex ... The Hoffmann's reflex ... #Hoffmanns #Reflex ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #neurology #UMN
Hoffman's sign. Even in this specific case, accompanied by a clonus outline (rhythmic contractions). The median
pathway and the spinal ... the patient to relax ... Hoffmanns #Sign #Reflex ... Positive #Abnormal #clinical ... #video #neurology
Generalized Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
"l feel weak":
 • Infectious: Influenza, EBV, PNA, Bacteremia, Sepsis
 •
Generalized Weakness - Differential ... Rhabdomyolysis, Critical ... Infection • Neuro: UMN ... Generalized #Weakness #Differential ... Diagnosis #causes #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
constipation Differential ... bulbocavernosus reflex ... wink test - reflex ... Equina #syndrome #differential ... diagnosis #causes #neurology