14 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Acute ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... electrolytes, urea ... investigations depending on clinical ... #nephrology #causes
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Urine Na/K/Cl/urea ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Differential
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... Algorithm Polyuria ... • Increased urea ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Algorithm Hypertension ... based on repeat clinic ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Caused by splanchnic ... Diagnosis (Clinical ... Classification: ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... inflammation of the retina ... , uveae, plexus, ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential Diagnosis ... of lactate as a clinical ... a multitude of clinical ... / hypoxemia -> focus ... #typeb #classification