16 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Renal Tubular Defects ... Proximal tubule Bartter ... #Fanconi #Bartter ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... thiazide diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... h - Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... multiple myeloma) • Urate ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... wasting from other causes ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Diuresis - Bartter ... - Gitelman ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... (BBB), and infects ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology