18 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Renal Tubular Defects ... Proximal tubule Bartter ... #Fanconi #Bartter ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... secreting tumor, Primary ... thiazide diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... potassium #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
• Skin and/or ... • Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... syndromePrimary ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... as arrhythmias and ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... acid transporter Bartter ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Increased open time and ... #Kidney #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... High Al, Low R - Primary ... h - Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... #nephrology #causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... urine microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... electrolytes, urea ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Urine Na/K/Cl/urea ... 13% (mostly ATN and ... pre-renal) - Urinary ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes